4464 articles – 13151 references  [version française]
HAL: halsde-00261893, version 1
DOI: 10.1038/nature06556
Detailed view  Export this paper
Nature 452 (2008) 88-93
The genome of Laccaria bicolor provides insights into mycorrhizal symbiosis
F. Martin 1, A. Aerts 2, D. Ahrén 3, A. Brun 1, E. G. J. Danchin 4, F. Duchaussoy 1, J. Gibon 1, A. Kohler 1, E. Lindquist 2, V. Pereda 1, A. Salamov 2, H. J. Shapiro 2, J. Wuyts 1, 5, D. Blaudez 1, M. Buée 1, P. Brokstein 2, B. Canbäck 3, D. Cohen 1, P. E. Courty 1, P. M. Coutinho 4, C. Delaruelle 1, J. C. Detter 2, A. Deveau 1, S. Difazio 6, S. Duplessis 1, L. Fraissinet-Tachet 7, E. Lucic 1, P. Frey-Klett 1, C. Fourrey 1, I. Feussner 8, G. Gay 7, J. Grimwood 9, P. J. Hoegger10 10, P. Jain 11, S. Kilaru 10, J. Labbé 1, Y. C. Lin 5, V. Legué 1, F. Le Tacon 1, R. Marmeisse 7, D. Melayah 7, B. Montanini 1, M. Muratet 11, U. Nehls 12, H. Niculita-Hirzel 13, M. P. Oudot-Le Secq 1, M. Peter 1, 14, H. Quesneville 15, B. Rajashekar 3, M. Reich 10, N. Rouhier 1, J. Schmutz 9, T. Yin 16, M. Chalot 1, B. Henrissat 1, U. Kües 10, S. Lucas 2, Y. Van De Peer 5, G. K. Podila 11, A. Polle 10, P. J. Pukkila 17, P. M. Richardson 2, P. Rouzé 5, 18, I. R. Sanders 13, J. E. Stajich 19, A. Tunlid 3, G. Tuskan 16, I. V. Grigoriev 2
(2008)
Mycorrhizal symbioses—the union of roots and soil fungi—are universal in terrestrial ecosystems and may have been fundamental to land colonization by plants1,2. Boreal, temperate and montane forests all depend on ectomycorrhizae1. Identification of the primary factors that regulate symbiotic development and metabolic activity will therefore open the door to understanding the role of ectomycorrhizae in plant development and physiology, allowing the full ecological significance of this symbiosis to be explored. Here we report the genome sequence of the ectomycorrhizal basidiomycete Laccaria bicolor (Fig. 1) and highlight gene sets involved in rhizosphere colonization and symbiosis. This 65-megabase genome assembly contains 20,000 predicted protein-encoding genes and a very large number of transposons and repeated sequences. We detected unexpected genomic features, most notably a battery of effector-type small secreted proteins (SSPs) with unknown function, several of which are only expressed in symbiotic tissues. The most highly expressed SSP accumulates in the proliferating hyphae colonizing the host root. The ectomycorrhizae-specific SSPs probably have a decisive role in the establishment of the symbiosis. The unexpected observation that the genome of L. bicolor lacks carbohydrate-active enzymes involved in degradation of plant cell walls, but maintains the ability to degrade non-plant cell wall polysaccharides, reveals the dual saprotrophic and biotrophic lifestyle of the mycorrhizal fungus that enables it to grow within both soil and living plant roots. The predicted gene inventory of the L. bicolor genome, therefore, points to previously unknown mechanisms of symbiosis operating in biotrophic mycorrhizal fungi. The availability of this genome provides an unparalleled opportunity to develop a deeper understanding of the processes by which symbionts interact with plants within their ecosystem to perform vital functions in the carbon and nitrogen cycles that are fundamental to sustainable plant productivity.
1:  Interactions Arbres/Micro-organismes (INRA IAM)
Institut national de la recherche agronomique (INRA) : UR1136 – Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I
2:  Department of Energy / Joint Genome Institute (DOE)
Los Alamos National Laboratory
3:  Microbial Ecology
Lund University
4:  Architecture et fonction des macromolécules biologiques (AFMB)
CNRS : UMR6098 – Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille II – Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille I
5:  Department of Plant Systems Biology
State University of Ghent
6:  Department of Biology
West Virginia University
7:  Ecologie microbienne (EM)
CNRS : UMR5557 – Institut national de la recherche agronomique (INRA) : UR1193 – Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I – Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon
8:  Department for Plant Biochemistry
Georg-August-Universität Göttingen
9:  Stanford University School of Medicine
Stanford University
10:  Institute of Forest Botany
Georg-August-Universität
11:  Department of Biological Sciences
University of Alabama
12:  Physiologische Oekologie der Pflanzen
Eberhard-Karls-Universisität
13:  Department of Ecology & Evolution
University of Lausanne
14:  Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL
SWISS FEDERAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE WSL
15:  Unité de Recherche Génomique Info (URGI)
Institut national de la recherche agronomique (INRA) : UR1164
16:  Environmental Science Division
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
17:  Department of Biology
University of North Carolina
18:  Laboratoire Associé de l'INRA
Ghent University
19:  Department of Plant and Microbial Biology
University of California
subject :  Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology

Life Sciences/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics

Life Sciences/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology
halsde-00261893, version 1
http://hal-sde.archives-ouvertes.fr/halsde-00261893
oai:hal-sde.archives-ouvertes.fr:halsde-00261893
From: Christine Delorme <>
Submitted on: Monday, 10 March 2008 13:26:14
Updated on: Monday, 10 March 2008 14:26:42