%0 Journal Article %T Multiple D3-Instantons and Mock Modular Forms II %+ Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C) %A Alexandrov, Sergey %A Banerjee, Sibasish %A Manschot, Jan %A Pioline, Boris %Z 24+24 pages %< avec comité de lecture %Z L2C:17-011 %@ 0010-3616 %J Communications in Mathematical Physics %I Springer Verlag %V 359 %N 1 %P 297-346 %8 2018-04 %D 2018 %Z 1702.05497 %R 10.1007/s00220-018-3114-z %Z Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Theory [hep-th] %Z Physics [physics]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph] %Z Mathematics [math]/Algebraic Geometry [math.AG] %Z Mathematics [math]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph] %Z Mathematics [math]/Number Theory [math.NT]Journal articles %X We analyze the modular properties of D3-brane instanton corrections to the hypermultiplet moduli space in type IIB string theory compactified on a Calabi-Yau threefold. In Part I, we found a necessary condition for the existence of an isometric action of S-duality on this moduli space: the generating function of DT invariants in the large volume attractor chamber must be a vector-valued mock modular form with specified modular properties. In this work, we prove that this condition is also sufficient at two-instanton order. This is achieved by producing a holomorphic action of SL(2,Z) on the twistor space which preserves the holomorphic contact structure. The key step is to cancel the anomalous modular variation of the Darboux coordinates by a local holomorphic contact transformation, which is generated by a suitable indefinite theta series. For this purpose we introduce a new family of theta series of signature (2,n-2), find their modular completion, and conjecture sufficient conditions for their convergence, which may be of independent mathematical interest. %G English %L hal-01627846 %U https://hal.science/hal-01627846 %~ CNRS %~ LPTHE %~ L2C %~ TDS-MACS %~ MIPS %~ UNIV-MONTPELLIER %~ SORBONNE-UNIVERSITE %~ SU-SCIENCES %~ SU-TI %~ ALLIANCE-SU %~ UM-2015-2021