Outbreak of Achromobacter xylosoxidans and Ochrobactrum anthropi Infections after Prostate Biopsies, France, 2014.

Skerdi Haviari (1, 2) , Pierre Cassier (1, 2, 3) , Cédric Dananché (1, 2) , Monique Hulin (1) , Olivier Dauwalder (4, 1, 2) , Olivier Rouvière (2, 1) , Xavier Bertrand (5) , Michel Perraud (1, 2) , Thomas Bénet (1, 2, 6) , Philippe Vanhems (1, 2, 6)

1 HCL - Hospices Civils de Lyon
2 UCBL - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1
3 LegioPath - Pathogenèse des légionelles- Legionella pathogenesis
4 StaPath - Pathogénie des Staphylocoques – Staphylococcal Pathogenesis
5 CHRU Besançon - Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon
6 LPE-Fondation Mérieux - Laboratoire des pathogènes émergents -- Emerging Pathogens Laboratory

We report an outbreak of healthcare-associated prostatitis involving rare environmental pathogens in immunocompetent patients undergoing transrectal prostate biopsies at Hôpital Édouard Herriot (Lyon, France) during August 13-October 10, 2014. Despite a fluoroquinolone-based prophylaxis, 5 patients were infected with Achromobacter xylosoxidans and 3 with Ochrobactrum anthropi, which has not been reported as pathogenic in nonimmunocompromised persons. All patients recovered fully. Analysis of the outbreak included case investigation, case-control study, biopsy procedure review, microbiologic testing of environmental and clinical samples, and retrospective review of hospital records for 4 years before the outbreak. The cases resulted from asepsis errors during preparation of materials for the biopsies. A low-level outbreak involving environmental bacteria was likely present for years, masked by antimicrobial drug prophylaxis and a low number of cases. Healthcare personnel should promptly report unusual pathogens in immunocompetent patients to infection control units, and guidelines should explicitly mention asepsis during materials preparation.

Mots clés: prostate; prostatic diseases; Ochrobactrum anthropi; bacteria; biopsy; clinical laboratory techniques; diagnostic techniques; disease outbreaks; gram-negative bacteria; France; Achromobacter xylosoxidans; Achromobacter denitrificans; prostatitis; surgical

Domaines: Microbiologie et Parasitologie

Skerdi Haviari, Pierre Cassier, Cédric Dananché, Monique Hulin, Olivier Dauwalder, et al.. Outbreak of Achromobacter xylosoxidans and Ochrobactrum anthropi Infections after Prostate Biopsies, France, 2014.. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2016, 22 (8), pp.1412-9. ⟨10.3201/eid2208.151423⟩. ⟨hal-01506824⟩