Ecohealth and the GDRI EHEDE. What’s up ?
Résumé
The integration of eco-epidemiology in the concept of one-health, the success achieved by systems approach in other science areas (e.g. rodent pest control, conservation biology, etc.) and the fact that disease transmission is increasingly thought to be the result of the (socio-eco) systemic integration of links between the health of all species and that of their environment, the difficult definition of "health" as a general concept, leave open a very fertile field of research.
This field of research and application is being popularized in the term "Ecohealth". A basic tenet is that health and well-being cannot be sustained in a resource depleted, polluted and socially unstable planet. This is why Ecohealth scholars and practitioners engage in integrated systems approach to health that sustain ecosystem health services, foster social stability and promote the peaceful interdependence, coexistence and evolution of humans, animals, plants and their environments (see https://ecohealth.net).
To do so, it is essential to develop parallel paths, bridges and sustainable long-term interactions, between disciplines that can contribute to these studies. Created in 2013, labeled by the CNRS, this is typically the goal of the GDRI EHEDE. Here we briefly introduce the main research issues of the GDRI EHEDE, and how different lab share experience for a better understanding of environmental issues linked to human, animal and ecosystem health:
• Ecology of Cestode transmission in Asia, Europe and North America. The life-cycle of those metazoan parasites ranges from merely sylvatic to merely domestic and offers unique opportunities to understand, in a systems approach, how anthropogenic human disturbance of ecosystems leads to transmission re-enforcement, sustained stability or to extinction in various conditions.
• Wildlife ecology and ecosystem health. Here we focus on (1) wildlife human conflicts such as those triggered by small mammal population surges (potentially resulting in increased parasite transmission) as a consequence of landscape and agricultural practice alterations, (2) conservation of the black and white snub-nosed monkey in a context of global warming and increasing agricultural encroachment in high altitude forests (3) management of increasing populations of wild Asian elephants in a mosaic of forest and intensive agriculture.
• Permanent workshop on adaptive monitoring, data management and modelling. Here we share experience in long term multi-disciplinary study design and adaptive monitoring in the field of ecosystem health and environmental disease ecology. Moreover, the GDRI EHEDE focusing on integrated systems approaches to health and their practical applications has a special concern about spatially explicit and multiscale modelling.
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