Critical slope for laminar transcritical shallow-water flows

Olivier Thual (1) , Laurent Lacaze (1) , Miloud Mouzouri (1) , Brahim Boutkhamouine (1)

1 IMFT - Institut de mécanique des fluides de Toulouse

Backwater curves denote the depth profiles of steady flows in a shallow open channel. The classification of these curves for turbulent regimes is commonly used in hydraulics. When the bottom slope I is increased, they can describe the transition from fluvial to torrential regimes. In the case of an infinitely wide channel, we show that laminar flows have the same critical height hc as that in the turbulent case. This feature is due to the existence of surface slope singularities associated to plug-like velocity profiles with vanishing boundary-layer thickness. We also provide the expression of the critical surface slope as a function of the bottom curvature at the critical location. These results validate a similarity model to approximate the asymptotic Navier–Stokes equations for small slopes I with Reynolds number Re such that ReI is of order 1.

Mots clés: Interfacial flows (free surface); Low-Reynolds-number flows; Thin films

Domaines: Mécanique des fluides [physics.class-ph]

Olivier Thual, Laurent Lacaze, Miloud Mouzouri, Brahim Boutkhamouine. Critical slope for laminar transcritical shallow-water flows. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2015, vol. 783, pp.PP. 1-11. ⟨10.1017/jfm.2015.559⟩. ⟨hal-01220472⟩