The detection of aeronautical defects in-situ on composite structures using Non Destructive Testing

Christian Garnier (1) , Marie-Laetitia Pastor (2) , Florent Eyma (2) , Bernard Lorrain (1)

1 LGP - Laboratoire Génie de Production
2 ICA - Institut Clément Ader

A study of three Non Destructive Testing methods (Ultrasonic Testing, InfraRed Thermography and Speckle Shearing Interferometry, known as Shearography) was carried out on different specific types of composite specimens having a variety of defects. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of these NDT methods in the detection of in-situ defects resulting from Barely Visible Impact Damages (BVID) or in-service damages to complex surfaces such as wings or rods. The size and position of all the defects were determined by GVI (General Visual Inspection): GVI being the reference. The evaluation of the three NDT techniques enabled conclusions to be drawn regarding defect detection and size. The first part of the study deals with determining and measuring defects. It appears that only the ultrasonic method enables the depth of a defect to be determined. In the second part of the study, the results obtained by the three NDT methods are compared. Finally, the feasibility and the time taken to set up the experimental protocol are analyzed. The study shows that all the defects were revealed by, at least, one of the three NDT methods. Nevertheless it appears that InfraRed Thermography and Shearography produced results very quickly (in about 10 s) compared to Ultrasonic Testing.

Mots clés: Non Destructive Testing; NDE; Composites; Ultrasonic Testing; InfraRed thermography; Shearography

Domaines: Mécanique des structures [physics.class-ph]; Mécanique des structures [physics.class-ph]

Christian Garnier, Marie-Laetitia Pastor, Florent Eyma, Bernard Lorrain. The detection of aeronautical defects in-situ on composite structures using Non Destructive Testing. Composite Structures, 2011, vol. 93, pp. 1328-1336. ⟨10.1016/j.compstruct.2010.10.017⟩. ⟨hal-01005683⟩