On modal availability, travel strategies and traffic equilibrium on a multimodal network
Résumé
Transportation modes, including Walking and other private modes as well as transit services, provide travel options to the individual trip-maker along a transportation network. On a single basis, any modal option is featured here in terms of travel time to destination conditionally to immediate availability, expected wait time in the adverse case and the probability of availability. The paper is focused on availability in order to state its roles in travel strategy for route choice and traffic assignment onto a multimodal network. It deals with, successively, mode characterization, local travel strategy, network hyperpaths and traffic equilibrium. Assumedly, a private mode is available on a full, continuous basis, while a transit service is available on a partial, discrete basis due to station dwell time and service frequency. However, a capacitated transit service under saturation amounts to a fully available travel option which includes an initial wait time. A local travel strategy at a choice node is made up of either an ordered sequence of discrete options, or a continuous option, or a combination of both so that the discrete options are used opportunistically if available or the continuous one otherwise. This leads us to revisit the common line problem of transit assignment. A framework and an algorithm are provided to search for optimal travel strategies. The sequential treatment along a multimodal network is based on hyperpaths under availability conditions. Traffic equilibrium is addressed in the static setting; the system state includes the vector of trip flows by destination and network link together with vectors of strategy proportions by node and destination.
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