Crop genetic diversity benefits farmland biodiversity in cultivated fields

Carole Chateil (1, 2) , Isabelle Goldringer (3) , Léa Tarallo (2) , Christian Kerbiriou (2) , Isabelle Le Viol (2) , Jean-François Ponge (1) , Sandrine Salmon (1) , Sophie Gachet (4) , Emmanuelle Porcher (5)

1 MAOAC - Mécanismes adaptatifs : des organismes aux communautés
2 CESCO - Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la COnservation
3 GQE-Le Moulon - Génétique Quantitative et Evolution - Le Moulon (Génétique Végétale)
4 IMBE - Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale
5 CESCO - Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la COnservation

This study tested whether increasing crop genetic diversity benefited farmland biodiversity in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) fields, using an experimental approach in which arthropod and wild plant diversity were compared in a genetically homogeneous wheat variety vs. a variety mixture. The diversity of wild plant species was not affected by crop genetic diversity. However, we showed for the first time a positive impact of crop genetic diversity on below (collembola) and aboveground arthropod (spiders and predatory carabids) diversity at field scale in agroecosystems, which may be caused by a wider variety of food resources or more complex crop architecture. Increasing crop genetic diversity could therefore be an easy-to-implement scheme benefiting farmland biodiversity.

Mots clés: Sustainable farming; Farmland biodiversity; Crop management practices; Carabids; Organic farming; Springtails; Spiders; Genetic resources

Domaines: Science des sols

Carole Chateil, Isabelle Goldringer, Léa Tarallo, Christian Kerbiriou, Isabelle Le Viol, et al.. Crop genetic diversity benefits farmland biodiversity in cultivated fields. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2013, 171, pp.25-32. ⟨10.1016/j.agee.2013.03.004⟩. ⟨hal-00816466⟩