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Human and organizational factors of safety : state of the art.

Résumé

Over time, in order to manage industrial risks, companies have developed measures aiming continually to improve the reliability of facilities and the implementation of safety manage- ment systems. Whilst there is no question that significant progress has been made, safety results seem to have reached a plateau and further progress requires human and organizational factors to be taken into account. However, achieving such changes will not happen automatically: the industrial approach still tends to focus on the behaviour of operators ,on human error and on compliance with procedures, neglecting the positive contribution of humans to safety and limiting the understanding of deeper yet essential causes; companies often have a pronounced technical culture and very rarely possess in-house expertise in the area of human and organizational factors of safety; there have been few reference documents published with the aim of facilitating the transfer of scientifically acquired knowledge to those involved in safety (industrial companies, trade unions, regulators, etc.). In short, including human and organizational factors in industrial safety policies and practices means drawing on new knowledge from the human and social sciences (ergonomics, psychology, sociology and others), and finding ways to link this with concrete operational issues. The aim of this document is to respond to this need. It is the result of the work of a number of people over several phases: As part of its call for proposals concerning "technical, human and organizational vulnerabilities and the quest for safety", the Fondation pour une Culture de Sécurité Industrielle (FonCSI, Foundation for an Industrial Safety Culture) selected and funded a team of recognized researchers with extensive experience in high-risk industries (nuclear, petrochemical and transport). The researchers produced a document based on their scientific expertise, according to a structure tested in training sessions run by the Institut pour une Culture de Sécurité Industrielle (ICSI, Institute for an Industrial Safety Culture) about human and organizational factors and aimed at site managers, members of management teams and trade unions. This document formed the basis for numerous discussions with operational stake holders from a variety of backgrounds (industrial leaders, union representatives, specialists from research or expert institutes, etc.) brought together as part of the ICSI discussion group on human and organizational factors of safety. As a result, this original approach makes it possible to propose a frame of reference that is common to all industrial safety stakeholders who wish to reinforce their preventive measures by giving better consideration to the role of the individual and the organization.
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Dates et versions

hal-00675538 , version 1 (01-03-2012)

Identifiants

  • HAL Id : hal-00675538 , version 1

Citer

François Daniellou, Ivan Boissières, Marcel Simard. Human and organizational factors of safety : state of the art.. FonCSI. FonCSI, pp.105, 2011, Les cahiers de la sécurité industrielle. ⟨hal-00675538⟩
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