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Article Dans Une Revue British Poultry Science Année : 2011

Influence of whole wheat inclusion and a blend of essential oils on the performance, nutrient utilisation, digestive tract development and ileal microbiota profile of broiler chickens

Ahmed M Amerah
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Alexandre Péron
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Résumé

The aim of the present experiment was to examine the influence of whole wheat inclusion and a blend of essential oils (EO; cinnamaldehyde and thymol) supplementation on the performance, nutrient utilisation, digestive tract development and ileal microbiota profile of broiler chickens. The experimental design was a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments evaluating two wheat forms (ground wheat [GW] and whole wheat [WW]; 100 and 200 g/kg WW replacing GW during starter [day 1 to 21] and finisher [day 22 to 35] diets, respectively) and two levels of EO inclusion (0 or 100 g/tonne diet). All dietary treatments were supplemented with 2000 xylanase units/kg feed. Broiler starter and finisher diets, based on wheat and soybean meal, were formulated and each diet was fed ad libitum to six pens of eight male broilers each. During the trial period (1-35 days), wheat form had no effect (P>0.05) on weight gain or feed intake. However, WW inclusion tended (P=0.06) to improve the feed per gain. Essential oil supplementation improved (P<0.05) weight gain in both diets, but the improvements were greater in the GW diet as indicated by a significant (P<0.05) wheat form x EO interaction. Whole wheat inclusion and EO supplementation improved (P<0.05) apparent ileal nitrogen digestibility. Apparent ileal digestible energy was not influenced (P>0.05) by the dietary treatments. Ileal microbiota profiling, using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, showed that the ileal microbiota composition was influenced by feed form. The mean numbers of bacterial species in the ileal contents of birds fed the GW diet supplemented with EO tended (P=0.07) to be higher than those the ileal contents of birds fed on unsupplemented GW based diet. The present data suggest that dietary addition of EO could improve broiler weight gain and ileal nitrogen digestibility both in GW and WW based diets, but that the magnitude of the response to EO for weight gain was greater in GW based diet. Whole wheat feeding was found to be beneficial in terms of feed efficiency.

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Biologie animale
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hal-00671647 , version 1 (18-02-2012)

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Ahmed M Amerah, Alexandre Péron, Fifi Zaefarian, Velmurugu Ravindran. Influence of whole wheat inclusion and a blend of essential oils on the performance, nutrient utilisation, digestive tract development and ileal microbiota profile of broiler chickens. British Poultry Science, 2011, 52 (01), pp.124-132. ⟨10.1080/00071668.2010.548791⟩. ⟨hal-00671647⟩

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