Higher adherence to French dietary guidelines and chronic diseases in the prospective SU.VI.MAX cohort

Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot (1) , Mathilde Touvier (1) , Adina Henegar (1) , Sébastien Czernichow (1, 2) , Pilar Galan (1) , Serge Hercberg (1) , Katia Castetbon (3)

1 UREN - Unité de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle
2 Service interhospitalier de santé publique, médecine sociale, information médicale & biostatistiques
3 USEN - Unité de Surveillance et d'Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle

Background/Objectives: Nutritional recommendations are widely disseminated, but assessment of their predictive value for risk of chronic diseases and mortality is essential for ensuring their validity. We evaluated, in a large population-based study, the association between the French Programme National Nutrition Santé (PNNS) Guideline Score (GS) (maximum score of 15 points), an a priori-based score, and the incidences of cancer, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and overall mortality. Subjects/Methods: Subjects included in the present analysis (n=5 823) were participants in the Supplémentation en Vitamines et Minéraux AntioXydants study (SU.VI.MAX), with available data for estimating the PNNS-GS. Hazards ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for outcomes (cancer, CVD and death) were estimated across quartiles of PNNS-GS using Cox proportional hazards models. Results: A total of 734 major events were recorded during an average 11.6-year follow-up (maximum 13 years): 423 cancers, 193 ischemic diseases and 118 deaths. In the fully-adjusted model, a significant reduction in CVD risk between the first and fourth PNNS-GS quartiles (HR=0.65, 95% CI= 0.41, 1.00, P for trend=0.04) was observed. No significant association with risk of cancer or death was detected. Conclusions: These observations support the role of nutritional guidelines in prevention of CVD. Keywords: nutritional guidelines, dietary index, cancer, mortality, cardiovascular diseases

Mots clés: nutritional guidelines; dietary index; cancer; mortality; cardiovascular diseases

Domaines: Sciences du Vivant [q-bio]

Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot, Mathilde Touvier, Adina Henegar, Sébastien Czernichow, Pilar Galan, et al.. Higher adherence to French dietary guidelines and chronic diseases in the prospective SU.VI.MAX cohort: Diet quality and chronic diseases. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2011, 65 (8), pp.887 - 894. ⟨10.1038/ejcn.2011.61⟩. ⟨hal-00640218⟩