Analyse comparée des mécanismes de prix des différents marchés fonciers : terres agricoles et littoral en Charente-Maritime (France)

Jeanne Dachary-Bernard (1) , Sandrine Lyser (1)

1 UR ADBX - Aménités et dynamiques des espaces ruraux

Le développement de nouvelles fonctions jouées par les territoires ruraux fait naître des conflits d'usage sur ces espaces et impacte notamment la valeur des terres agricoles. De manière à mettre en évidence les principaux facteurs influençant le prix de ces terres, nous appliquons la méthode des prix hédonistes (MPH) sur le littoral charentais. Nous distinguons différents marchés fonciers selon l'usage auquel est destinée la parcelle vendue (agricole, loisirs, habitation, artificialisation). Les résultats des modélisations confirment l'hétérogénéité de fonctionnement de ces marchés, ce qui justifie de les distinguer lorsque l'on traite de la valeur du foncier. On constate par ailleurs que les gradients de rente de périurbanisation et/ou de littoralisation apparaissent mais différemment selon les marchés considérés. / The development of the new functions of rural territories creates land use problems and conflicts that impact agricultural land values. Coastal zones are particularly familiar with such land use conflicts since they are at the same time support of natural resources of high ecological potential and subject of high residential and touristic attractiveness. Thus, land use changes on coastal zones are of big interest, and especially agricultural lands conversion. This paper applies the hedonic price method on French land transactions that took place in a coastal area between 2003 and 2007, and presents a dual purpose. First, we look at identifying the main factors that explain the observed land prices and specifically the importance of some spatial features as urban and agricultural zonings or distances to the seaside or to urban centres. Secondly, we study the different influences of these factors according to the destination of the agricultural lands. Indeed, we distinguish different land markets according to the destination of these agricultural plots (agricultural, accommodation, recreation or artificialisation use). Actually, we assume that it does not exist a single land market, but some different land markets consistent with the future use of the plot. We suppose that the prices are not influenced in the same way on these different markets. The main estimation results confirm the heterogeneous pricing mechanisms of the land markets and, thus, the importance to distinguish them in dealing with land values. Moreover, we look at specific spatial factors: urban price gradients and coastal rent gradients appear but differently depending on the land market under considerations. The paper concludes on some technical and empirical perspectives in order to proceed with land values spatial distributions.

Mots clés: TERRE AGRICOLE; LITTORAL; MARCHE FONCIER; METHODE HEDONISTE; PRIX

Domaines: Sciences de l'environnement

Jeanne Dachary-Bernard, Sandrine Lyser. Analyse comparée des mécanismes de prix des différents marchés fonciers : terres agricoles et littoral en Charente-Maritime (France). Canadian Journal of Regional Science / Revue canadienne des sciences régionales, 2010, 33 (2), p. 111 - p. 134. ⟨hal-00599600⟩