Residues of the fungicide famoxadone in grapes and its fate during wine production
Résumé
Famoxadone is a recent fungicide applied to vine, belongings the oxazolidinedione family. In this work, the fate of famoxadone was studied considering the decay ratio of this fungicide during grapes maturation and wine production. The main factors affecting the presence of pesticides residues such as fruit growth, photodegradation, evaporation, thermodegradation, and co-distillation were studied with model systems. An experimental field was treated with famoxadone commercial product at the recommended dose. After this application, residues of famoxadone were found in grapes at the concentration of 0.27 ± 0.06 mg kg-1. In this field experiment, the half-life time (t ½) of famoxadone, described as pseudo-first-order kinetics (R2 = 0.74), was 18 ± 6 days, resulting from the photodegradation. The famoxadone residues levels in grapes were below the established Maximum Residues Level (MRL) for Europe (2 mg kg-1) while levels in wine, carried out with and without maceration, were below the calculated limit of detection (LOD) of the method.
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