Assessment of Dietary Exposure of Nitrate and Nitrite in France
Résumé
The aim of this study was to assess the dietary exposure of nitrate and nitrite in France. 13 657 concentration levels of nitrate and nitrite measured in food, representing 138 and 109 food items respectively and coming from French monitoring programs between 2000-2006, were used. Depending on the non-detected and non-quantified analysis treatment, lower and upper concentration mean estimates were calculated for each food item. These were combined with consumption data of 1474 adults and 1018 children from the French national individual consumption survey (INCA1), conducted in 1999 and based on a seven-day food record diary. 18% of spinaches, 6% of salads, 10% of cheeses, 8% of meat products and 6% of industrial meat products exceeded their European nitrate maximum level or maximum residual level. 0.4% of industrial meat products and 0.2% of meat products exceeded their European nitrite maximum level or maximum residual level. Nitrate dietary exposure averaged 40% of the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI, 3.7 mg kg -1 bw day-1) for adults and 51 - 54% of the ADI for children with the major contributors being, for adults and children respectively, vegetables (24 and 27% ADI), potatoes (5 and 11% ADI) and water (5 and 5% ADI). The individual nitrate dietary intake of 1.4% (Confidence Interval (CI95th) [0.8; 2.0]) to 1.5% (CI95th [0.9; 2.1]) of adults and 7.9% (CI95th [6.2; 9.6]) to 8.4% (CI95th [6.7; 10.1]) of children were higher than the ADI. Nitrite dietary exposure averaged 33 - 67% of ADI (0.06 mg kg -1 bw day-1) for adults and 67 - 133% of ADI for children, with contributions of additive food-vectors at 33% ADI for adults and 50 – 67% ADI for children. The individual nitrite dietary intake of 0.7% (CI95th [0.3; 1.1]) to 16.4% (CI95th [14.5; 18.3]) of adults and 10.5% (CI95th [8.6; 12.4]) to 66.2% (CI95th [63.3; 69.1]) of children were higher than the ADI.
Origine : Fichiers produits par l'(les) auteur(s)