Inequalities in immunisation and breastfeeding in an ethnically diverse urban area: cross sectional study in Manchester, UK
Résumé
ABSTRACT Objectives. To examine inequalities in immunisation and breastfeeding by ethnic group and their relation to relative deprivation. Design. Cross –sectional study. Setting. Manchester, UK Participants. 20,203 children born in Manchester (2002-7), who had been coded as of White, Mixed, Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi and Black or Black British ethnicity in the Child Health System database. Main Outcome Measures. Breastfeeding at 2 weeks postpartum; uptake of Triple Vaccine (Diptheria, Pertussis and Tetanus) at 16 weeks postpartum; uptake of the Measles, Mumps and Rubella Vaccine (MMR) by the age of 2. Results. Black or Black British infants had the highest rates of breastfeeding at 2 weeks postpartum (89%), and South Asian infants had highest Triple and MMR vaccination rates ( Indian, 95%, 96%; Pakistani 95%, 95%; Bangladeshi 96.%, 95%) after controlling for area level of deprivation, parity, parenthood status and age. White infants were least likely to be breastfed at 2 weeks postpartum (36%), and to be vaccinated with Triple (92%) and MMR vaccines (88%). Within the White ethnic group lower percentages of immunisation and breastfeeding were significantly associated with living in a deprived area and with increasing parity. This was not found within Black or Black British and Pakistani ethnic groups. Discussion Practices that are protective of child health were consistently less likely to be adopted by White mothers living in deprived areas. Methods of health education and service delivery that are designed for the general population are unlikely to be successful in this context and evidence of effective interventions needs to be established.
Origine : Fichiers produits par l'(les) auteur(s)
Loading...