Short beak and dwarfism syndrome (SBDS) of mule duck is caused by a distinct lineage of Goose parvovirus
Résumé
From early ‘70s till now numerous cases of “short beak and dwarfism syndrome” have been reported in mule ducks from France. The animals showed strong growth retardation with smaller beak and tarsus. The syndrome was suggested to be caused by goose parvovirus on the basis of serological investigation, but the causative agent has not been isolated and the disease has not been reproduced by experimental infection so far. The aim of the present study was to characterize the virus strains isolated from field cases of SBDS, and to reproduce the disease experimentally. Phylogenetic analysis proved that the parvovirus isolates obtained from SBDS of mule duck belonged to a distinct linage of goose parvovirus-related group of waterfowl parvoviruses. The authors carried out experimental infections of day-old, 2 and 3 weeks old mule ducks by oral route with 3 different parvovirus strains: strain D17/99 of goose parvovirus from Derzsy's disease, strain FM of Muscovy duck parvovirus from the parvovirus disease of Muscovy ducks and strain D176/02 isolated from SBDS of mule duck. The symptoms of short beak and dwarfism syndrome of mule duck could only be reproduced with the mule duck isolate (strain D176/02) following day-old inoculation. Infection with a genetically different strain of GPV isolated from classical Derzsy's disease (D17/99) or with MDPV strain (FM) did not cause any clinical symptoms or pathological lesions in mule ducks.
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