Describing the Flow Curve of Shear-Banding Fluids Through a Structural Minimal Model
Résumé
Main characteristics of colloidal systems that develop fluid phases with different mechanical properties, namely shear-banding fluids, are briefly reviewed both from experimental and theoretical (modelling) point of view. A non-monotonic shear stress vs. shear rate constitutive relation is presented. This relation derives from a phenomenological model of a shear ratedependent viscosity describing structural changes and involves the possibility of multivalued shear rates under a given shear stress. In the case of a stress-dependent viscosity, the same model allows one to predict vorticity banding. Predictions of this model under controlled stress are discussed, namely occurrence of a kind of top- and bottom-jumping of the shear rate in response to stress increasing-decreasing. Applying this model to evaluation of the flow curve of such colloidal systems is performed. Particular emphasis is placed on the adequate computation of the shear rate function in cylindrical Couette cells in order to handle the corresponding flow curve which exhibits the well-known shear stress plateau. Indeed, as different fluid phases coexist in the flow domain, measured (torque vs. angular velocity) data cannot be directly converted into rheometric (shear stress vs. shear rate) functions. As the lacking non-local terms in the model prevents the direct determination of the stress-plateau, this value is included as an adjustable parameter. Thus model predictions satisfactorily match up experimental data of wormlike micellar solutions from the literature.
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