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Postcoloniales (Etudes)

Eric Verdeil

Traduction de postcolonial studies (post-colonial en anglais britannique), les études postcoloniales forment un courant académique qui a d'abord émergé au milieu des années 1980 dans les départements de littérature de quelques universités américaines et qui depuis introduit d'importants renouvellements dans les sciences sociales

Research Information Systems in the Nordic Countries - Infrastructure, Concepts, and Organization

Ingegerd Rabow

This report is commissioned by the Nordbib programme, and is based on a web survey of the current status of CRIS (Current Research Information Systems) and IR (Institutional Repositories) in the Nordic countries. The survey has been conducted to investigate how Nordic higher education institutions collect and present their research output. Do they use Institutional Repositories and/or Current Research Information Systems, are these systems separate or integrated, what software is used, and how are they staffed and financed? An important part of the survey was to analyse the perceived needs for national and Nordic coordination and support regarding such specific issues as rights management, central search services, educational and promotional materials etc. The survey results are presented against international developments in Open Access, both historical and current. The main purpose of the survey is to help Nordbib gather relevant information for promoting greater visibility to Nordic research and offer a background for creating a joint Nordic approach to further developments in Open Access. A presentation of the survey project was given at the Nordbib Workshop on ”Research Visibility – managing quality for better evaluation” 27-28 October, 2008. We would like to thank the members of the Nordbib workshop group for valuable viewpoints regarding the final formulations in the questionnaire. We also wish to thank all our contacts in the Nordic countries for their invaluable help in identifying respondents and providing us with email addresses, and other valuable advice and support,

Herméneutique et objectivité

Denis Thouard

Position du problème herméneutique. Analyse des différentes conceptions de l'esprit objectif d'après Freyer 1923 et présentation de l'hermßeneutique simmelienne à partir de la Philosophie de l'argent 1900 et de ses derniers articles sur la compréhension historique 1918

Dissipative stochastic evolution equations driven by general Gaussian and non-Gaussian noise

Stefano Bonaccorsi et al.

We study a class of stochastic evolution equations with a dissipative forcing nonlinearity and additive noise. The noise is assumed to satisfy rather general assumptions about the form of the covariance function; our framework covers examples of Gaussian processes, like fractional and bifractional Brownian motion and also non Gaussian examples like the Hermite process. We give an application of our results to the study of the stochastic version of a common model of potential spread in a dendritic tree. Our investigation is specially motivated by possibility to introduce long-range dependence in time of the stochastic perturbation.

Convergence and performances of the peeling wavelet denoising algorithm

Céline Lacaux et al.

This note is devoted to an analysis of the so-called peeling algorithm in wavelet denoising. Assuming that the wavelet coefficients of the signal can be modeled by generalized Gaussian random variables, we compute a critical thresholding constant for the algorithm, which depends on the shape parameter of the generalized Gaussian distribution. We also quantify the optimal number of steps which have to be performed, and analyze the convergence of the algorithm. Several versions of the obtained algorithm were implemented and tested against classical wavelet denoising procedures on benchmark and simulated biological signals.

Boosting Active Learning to Optimality: a Tractable Monte-Carlo, Billiard-based Algorithm

Philippe Rolet et al.

Abstract. This paper focuses on Active Learning with a limited num- ber of queries; in application domains such as Numerical Engineering, the size of the training set might be limited to a few dozen or hundred exam- ples due to computational constraints. Active Learning under bounded resources is formalized as a ﬁnite horizon Reinforcement Learning prob- lem, where the sampling strategy aims at minimizing the expectation of the generalization error. A tractable approximation of the optimal (in- tractable) policy is presented, the Bandit-based Active Learner (BAAL) algorithm. Viewing Active Learning as a single-player game, BAAL com- bines UCT, the tree structured multi-armed bandit algorithm proposed by Kocsis and Szepesv´ri (2006), and billiard algorithms. A proof of a principle of the approach demonstrates its good empirical convergence toward an optimal policy and its ability to incorporate prior AL crite- ria. Its hybridization with the Query-by-Committee approach is found to improve on both stand-alone BAAL and stand-alone QbC.

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